CAS No.:57-53-4

TOXICITY DATA with REFERENCE：

Organism	Test Type	Route	Reported Dose (Normalized Dose)	Effect	Source
child	TDLo	oral	80mg/kg (80mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: COMA	Human Toxicology. Vol. 4, Pg. 215, 1985.
guinea pig	LD50	subcutaneous	380mg/kg (380mg/kg)		Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 137, Pg. 375, 1962.
hamster	LD50	intraperitoneal	625mg/kg (625mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA	Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 129, Pg. 75, 1960.
hamster	LD50	oral	1410mg/kg (1410mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS	Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 129, Pg. 75, 1960.
human	TDLo	oral	280mg/kg (280mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: COMA VASCULAR: BP LOWERING NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS	Ohio State Medical Journal. Vol. 52, Pg. 1304, 1956.
man	LDLo	unreported	441mg/kg (441mg/kg)		"Poisoning; Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments," 2nd ed., Arena, J.M., Springfield, IL, C.C. Thomas, 1970Vol. 2, Pg. 73, 1970.
man	TDLo	oral	5700ug/kg (5.7mg/kg)	LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): "DERMATITIS, ALLERGIC: AFTER SYSTEMIC EXPOSURE"	Journal of the Irish Medical Association. Vol. 41, Pg. 119, 1957.
man	TDLo	oral	114mg/kg (114mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: COMA CARDIAC: ARRHYTHMIAS (INCLUDING CHANGES IN CONDUCTION) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: ACUTE PULMONARY EDEMA	Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 11, Pg. 501, 1977.
mouse	LD50	intraperitoneal	331mg/kg (331mg/kg)		Dissertationes Pharmaceuticae et Pharmacologicae. Vol. 23, Pg. 281, 1971.
mouse	LD50	intravenous	230mg/kg (230mg/kg)		European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry--Chimie Therapeutique. Vol. 12, Pg. 447, 1977.
mouse	LD50	oral	750mg/kg (750mg/kg)		Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. Vol. 15, Pg. 998, 1972.
mouse	LD50	subcutaneous	520mg/kg (520mg/kg)		Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. Vol. 26, Pg. 109, 1974.
rabbit	LD50	intravenous	260mg/kg (260mg/kg)	SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER: EYE BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) BEHAVIORAL: REGIDITY	International Journal of Neuropharmacology. Vol. 5, Pg. 305, 1966.
rat	LD50	intraperitoneal	410mg/kg (410mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA	Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 129, Pg. 75, 1960.
rat	LD50	intravenous	350mg/kg (350mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA	Prensa Medica Argentina. Vol. 44, Pg. 915, 1957.
rat	LD50	oral	794mg/kg (794mg/kg)		Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 19, Pg. 93, 1971.
rat	LD50	subcutaneous	525mg/kg (525mg/kg)		Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. Vol. 56, Pg. 377, 1960.
women	LDLo	oral	760mg/kg (760mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: COMA	JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. Vol. 207, Pg. 361, 1969.
women	TDLo	oral	112mg/kg (112mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA BEHAVIORAL: COMA	Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 11, Pg. 501, 1977.
women	TDLo	oral	120mg/kg (120mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: COMA CARDIAC: EKG CHANGES NOT DIAGNOSTIC OF ABOVE	Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 11, Pg. 501, 1977.
women	TDLo	oral	240mg/kg (240mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD BEHAVIORAL: COMA VASCULAR: BP ELEVATION NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION	Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 11, Pg. 501, 1977.
women	TDLo	oral	360mg/kg (360mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: COMA LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES	Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 11, Pg. 501, 1977.
women	TDLo	oral	384mg/kg (384mg/kg)	VASCULAR: BP LOWERING NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION VASCULAR: REGIONAL OR GENERAL ARTERIOLAR CONSTRICTION LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION	Northwest Medicine. Vol. 56, Pg. 321, 1957.

Consensus Reports：

Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. EPA Genetic Toxicology Program.

SAFETY PROFILE：

Human poison by unspecified routes. Moderately toxic to humans and experimentally by ingestion. Experimental poison by intravenous, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes. An experimental teratogen. Human systemic effects by ingestion: coma, blood pressure decrease, regional or general arteriolar constriction, dyspnea, cyanosis, respiratory depression, nausea or vomiting, and allergic skin dermatitis. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. Implicated in aplastic anemia. Used as a tranquilizer. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NO_x. See also CARBAMATES.
 

Hazard Codes: Xn TF
Risk Statements: 22-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11 
R11:Highly flammable. 
R22:Harmful if swallowed. 
R23/24/25:Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. 
R39:Danger of very serious irreversible effects.
Safety Statements: 7-16-36/37-45 
S7:Keep container tightly closed. 
S16:Keep away from sources of ignition. 
S36/37:Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. 
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)

Standards and Recommendations：

 

Analytical Methods：